Croatia's integrated power supply combines a national transmission and distribution network with modern renewable integration and emerging grid-scale storage solutions.

Overview of the Croatian Power System

Croatia's electricity system is managed by Hrvatski operator prijenosnog sustava (HOPS), which oversees the transmission network, ensures reliable electricity supply, and maintains high-voltage infrastructure while coordinating with distribution networks for nationwide coverage . The system includes high, medium, and low voltage grids, connecting power plants to consumers and facilitating imports and exports of electricity . HOPS provides real-time monitoring of generation and load, ensuring operational stability and efficient energy flow across the country .

Renewable Energy Integration and Modernization

Croatia is actively modernizing its power system to integrate renewable energy sources such as solar and wind. A landmark project in Šibenik involves the development of the country's first grid-scale battery energy storage system (BESS) and virtual power plant (VPP). This initiative, supported by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), Raiffeisen Pension Funds, and the EU Modernisation Fund, will deploy up to 60 MW of battery storage and a VPP platform to balance electricity supply and demand in real time . This infrastructure enhances grid flexibility, supports decarbonization, and allows higher penetration of intermittent renewable energy.

Strategic Energy Planning

Croatia's Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) outlines the country's energy and climate objectives for 2021–2030, aligned with EU regulations. Key goals include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing renewable energy production, improving energy efficiency, and strengthening electricity interconnections . The plan emphasizes integrated strategic planning, reporting, and coordination across national and regional levels to ensure a resilient and sustainable energy system.

Key Features of the Integrated Power Supply

• Transmission and Distribution Coordination: HOPS manages high-voltage transmission, while distribution networks deliver electricity to end-users .
• Grid Flexibility: The BESS and VPP in Šibenik provide real-time balancing, enabling the integration of variable renewable sources .
• Energy Security and Decarbonization: Investments in storage and smart grid technologies reduce reliance on fossil fuels and support Croatia's transition to a low-carbon energy system .
• Regulatory Compliance: The system operates under EU energy governance frameworks, ensuring alignment with climate targets and energy market regulations .

Conclusion

Croatia's integrated power supply is a combination of a robust transmission and distribution network, strategic energy planning, and innovative technologies like grid-scale battery storage and virtual power plants. These developments enhance grid reliability, renewable energy integration, and energy independence, positioning Croatia for a sustainable and resilient electricity future .